Does a single page's ranking depends on the content of other pages? I mean clearly if I publish an article in a blog which is of my niche that's good but does the other articles already been published in that blog factors my page's ranking?
Yeah, it depends. The other pages shows the character of that entire blog which depends the ranking of it and in turn your page's too. If irrelevant content have been published in that blog mostly then no matter how important or good & relevant your post is, it still may suffer poor ranking.